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Nature Biotechnology

Hemodynamics-driven magnetoelastic vascular grafts for stenosis diagnosis

Chen, Department Of Bioengineering, University Of California, Los Angeles, Chung, Liu, Li, Scott, Zhao, Carol 2026-02-10 · Health, Technology
myndfocal
Conventional approaches for vascular graft stenosis diagnostics, including X-ray angiography, magnetic resonance imaging and Doppler ultrasound, although highly accurate, are cumbersome, used intermittently and often do not detect stenosis early enough, leading to diagnosis only after substantial narrowing. Here we report a magnetoelastic vascular graft (MVG) for post-implantation stenosis diagnosis that is hemodynamics-driven, biocompatible and waterproof. It enables wireless, real-time and continuous diagnosis of stenosis by converting arterial hemodynamics into high-fidelity electrical signals. The MVGs were scalably manufactured with customizable diameters and tested in vivo in the femoral arteries of rats and swine through microsurgical anastomosis. The anastomosed MVGs restored blood flow and identified the location and severity of induced stenosis through artificial intelligence-assisted analysis. Furthermore, a 4-month in vivo study in rats verified the stability and biocompatibility of the MVGs in the host, with no evident signs of an adverse immune response. The MVG is expected to advance existing vascular graft solutions and improve vascular disease management. A vascular graft enables wireless, real-time and continuous stenosis diagnosis and management.

a, b, The rats with MVGs anastomosed to the femoral artery behaved and moved normally with no appreciable skin necrosis or swelling for up to 120 days post-implantation. Scale bars, 2 cm. c, The ultrasound probe is positioned above the femoral incision area to evaluate the patency of the anastomosed MVG. Partially created with BioRender. d, e, (d) The original Doppler ultrasound image alongside (e) the vascular color flow image captured the state of the anastomosed MVG two weeks post-surgery. f, g, (f) The original Doppler ultrasound image alongside (g) the vascular color flow image captured the state of the anastomosed MVG four weeks post-surgery. The use of color gradients in these images illustrates the blood flow, demonstrating the MVG’s patency during the early stages of recovery. These images provide critical insights into the graft’s immediate function and its integration within the host’s vascular system, showcasing the preservation of blood flow and the absence of apparent major obstructions. h, The photograph depicts the femoral incision area post-implantation, showcasing wound healing with no obvious signs of wound infection or inflammation. Scale bar, 1 cm. i, An infrared thermal image of the femoral incision area reveals an even temperature distribution. This uniform thermal profile is indicative of a healthy healing process, with no obvious signs of excessive heat that could denote infection or inflammation. Scale bar, 2 cm.

— Source: Nature Biotechnology (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-025-02619-7)

Health Technology
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